Pneumomediastino, pneumotórax e enfisema subcutâneo em cão com pneumopatia e infecção pelo vírus da cinomose: relato de caso / Pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema in a dog with pneumopathy and infection by the canine distemper virus: case report

Relata-se um caso de pneumomediastino, pneumotórax e enfisema subcutâneo em um cão com pneumopatia associada à cinomose. As queixas principais eram tosse, secreção nasal purulenta, apatia e enfisema subcutâneo em face, região cervical e torácica. O exame radiográfico evidenciou pneumomediastino, pneumotórax e broncopneumopatia grave com áreas de consolidação pulmonar. Teste rápido imunocromatográfico para detecção de antígeno da cinomose foi positivo e houve melhora dos sinais respiratórios com antibioticoterapia, porém o quadro evoluiu para alterações neurológicas. De acordo com a revisão de literatura realizada, não há casos semelhantes relatados.(AU)

A case of pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema in a dog with pneumopathy associated to distemper is reported. The main complaints were cough, purulent nasal discharge, lethargy and subcutaneous emphysema in the face, neck, and chest area. Radiographic examination showed pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and severe bronchopneumopathy with areas of pulmonary consolidation. Rapid test for canine distemper antigen detection was positive. After the antibiotic therapy there was an improvement of respiratory signs; however, the patient developed neurological symptomatology. As far as the author´s knowledge by literature review carried out, there are no similar cases reported.(AU)

Ceratoconjuntivite nodular em um caso de leishmaniose visceral canina: relato de caso / Nodular keratoconjunctivitis in a case of canine visceral leishmaniasis: case report

Relata-se um caso de leishmaniose visceral canina com ceratoconjuntivite nodular como queixa exclusiva do proprietário. O diagnóstico se deu pela observação de formas amastigotas de Leishmania sp. no exame parasitológico direto de citologia aspirativa conjuntival. Lesões oculares raramente são queixas principais únicas de cães com leishmaniose, como o caso em questão, o que demonstra a variabilidade de apresentação clínica da doença e a importância da realização de testes laboratoriais diagnósticos para leishmaniose como triagem para pacientes de áreas endêmicas.(AU)

We describe a case of canine visceral leishmaniasis with nodular keratoconjunctivits as the owner's only complaint. Diagnosis was made by the observation of Leishmania sp. amastigotes in parasitological examination from conjunctival aspirative cytology. Eye lesions are rarely the only complaint of dogs suspected of leishmaniasis, as the case reported, demonstrating the variability of clinical presentation of the disease and the importance of performing screening diagnostic laboratorial tests for leishmaniasis in endemic areas.(AU)

Nycthemeral Rhythm of Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a Craggy Region, Transitioning Between the Wetland and the Plateau, Brazil.

Recording the nycthemeral rhythm of sand flies allows the evaluation of the daily activity in different ecotypes, the period of greatest activity, and their degree of anthropophily. We investigated the fauna and the rhythm of sand fly activity in an ecotourism region in Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) state, Brazil. Sand flies were captured monthly, using a Shannon trap for 24 h periods between July 2012 and June 2014. We collected 1,815 sand flies, in which Lutzomyia whitmani (=Nyssomyia whitmani, sensu Galati) and Lutzomyia longipalpis were the most abundant species during the dry season, with activity from 5 p.m.-7 a.m. and 6 p.m.-5 a.m., respectively. Both species require particular attention as vectors of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in several regions of Brazil, including MS. However, Lutzomyia dispar was more anthropophilic, and was most active between January and March, from 5 p.m. to 5 a.m. Lutzomyia misionensis (=Pintomyia misionensis, sensu Galati) was present throughout both years, active from 4 p.m. to 5 a.m. Other species were active from 5 p.m. to 6 a.m. Due to intense tourism in the months that coincide with a high number of vectors for leishmaniases in Piraputanga, it is essential to determine vector-monitoring strategies in the area by investigating sand fly rhythm while not neglecting other periods of the year when the insects are present.